Abstract: Through coal mine measurement, the distribution of 401 mining area and 404 mining area ventilation resistance is calculated, and use the MATLAB software, combining theory of graph theory and fluid mechanics theory, the numerical simulation of ventilation system in the Xia Gou Coal Mine ventilation system is carried out. The calculation results show that 401 mining area total resistance is 1265.88 Pa, relative error is 4.8%, 404 mine area total resistance is 2537.38 Pa, relative error is 3.2%, the measurement result is correct， by comparing the simulation with the measured data, verified the numerical simulation results are correct, which can provide theoretical guidance for the Xia Gou Coal Mine safe production of the next ditch.