Abstract: Aiming at the frequent occurrence of dynamic disasters in coal mine engineering sites, the disaster precursor information is difficult to predict. Through the laboratory tests, studies have been conducted on the acoustic emission characteristics of different lithologic coal-rock materials, revealing the damage characteristics and acoustic emission characteristics of different lithologic coal-rock materials, and obtaining precursory information of rock destruction. The results show that the macroscopic damage characteristics of different lithologic coal-rock materials are basically similar, but the destructive stage, damage process and damage characteristics present a certain degree of differences; the acoustic emission eigenvalues of different lithologic coal-rock materials are different, but the evolution rules are roughly the same. The specific expression is that the acoustic emission in the compaction stage is "stable and increasing". In the stress elastic phase, the acoustic emission is "stable silence", and the acoustic emission in the stress elastoplastic stage is "rapid change". In the process of reaching the critical point in the elastoplastic stage, the short-time "quiet period of acoustic emission" is presented, which is also consistent with the critical moderation theory and defines it as Disaster "precursor information point".