Abstract: Analysis based on the water burst accident occurred on cretaceous shallow coal seam of 1709-1working face of Duolun Xiexincoal mine in Inner Mongolia province, geological model is set up on the basis of borehole data, comprehensive analysis of the impact of mining working face of the aquifer, and find out the source of water, through the analysis of the characteristics of strata, we studied the causes of the formation of water channel, and confirmed the cause of water breakthrough that is the working face bedrock thinner thickness in coal seam outcrop area, as well as water flowing fractured zone affected to the basalt weak aquifer above the working face and supply by the border of strong water erosion. According to the actual situation proposed countermeasures for prevention and control of water disasters in the outcrop area of shallow face, and formulate measures for prevention and control of water safety, provide the safeguard for secure mining.