Abstract: In order to analyze the influence of unstable goaf on surrounding rock support of goaf-side roadway, this paper takes 1322(1) working face in south-first mining area of Gubei Coal Mine as engineering background, through UDEC numerical simulation and field industrial test, makes a thorough study on stress distribution and surrounding rock stability control technology of goaf-side roadway in unstable section. The results show that the goaf-side roadway in unstable section and the goaf-side roadway are stable. Compared with the section, the relative stability time of surrounding rock should be shortened by about 10 days, the roof and floor of roadway should be reduced by 100-150 mm, the two sides should be reduced by 100-120 mm, and the roadway pressure along the goaf in the unstable section is greater than the top pressure, and the coal pillar pressure is greater than the working face pressure. Therefore, the surrounding rock control technology is put forward to improve the stability and bearing capacity of coal pillars, balance the bearing capacity of different strata of roof, avoid stress concentration, transfer roof pressure, and slow down the bearing capacity of roadways. Field application shows that the technology can effectively control surrounding rock of goaf roadway in unstable section.