Abstract: In order to solve the problem of large water inflow in the water-rich roof, the reliability of the anchoring structure is reduced, and the anchoring performance of the supporting body is affected, which leads to the problem that the water-rich roof roadway is difficult to support. In this paper, the 111801 head entry of the Dananhu mine in Hami is used as the engineering background. The combination of numerical simulation and field test is used to study the influence and control of the water-rich roof on the anchoring structure. The results show that the high surrounding rock water content will reduce the effective compressive stress area and compressive stress value of the anchor, which will make the overall performance of the anchoring structure weakly weakened. It is difficult for the anchor to produce effective active support for the surrounding rock. The key to surrounding rock control in water-rich roadways is to reduce the water content of the roof. Industrial tests show that the reasonable water retention measures using anchor cable grouting can reduce the water content of the roof, strengthen the reliability of the anchoring structure, ensure the stability of the surrounding rock of the roadway, and have better technical effects.