Abstract: According to the actual working conditions of the water-bearing geological structures of coal roadway and the detection mechanism of focusing effect, the paper builds the geoelectric testing detection and its equivalent resistance-capacitance network model, and accurately constructs the simulation circuit model of the detection system by using the SimPowerSystems module in the Simulink component of MATLAB software in order to understand the abnormal IP characteristics of the water-bearing geological structures for comprehensive excavation detection in the coal roadway by focused dual-frequency IP method, reduce the system error of traditional RC network in the physical model experiment simulation, and improve the testing accuracy of forward simulation. By changing the parameters of the RC network model, the apparent resistivity and apparent amplitude of the water-bearing geological structures are simulated. The simulation results show that the apparent amplitude increases gradually, while the apparent resistivity decreases gradually with the increase of the distance between the measuring points and the excavation section. At the measurement point 48m away from the excavation section, the apparent amplitude reaches 19.7% and the apparent resistivity reaches 571.5 . That is, the closer the measuring point is to the water-bearing abnormal body, the more obvious the abnormal IP effect is.