Abstract: In view of the phenomenon of "size cycle pressure" of the working surface under the conditions of multi-layer thick hard roof in Yushen Mining Area and the strong problem of mineral pressure, this paper comprehensively uses theoretical analysis, numerical calculation and microseismic measurement to conduct a more in-depth analysis and study of the breaking motion of the working surface roof under the condition of multi-layer thick hard roof and the pressure law of the working surface. The results show that the breakdown of the middle and high key layers has the characteristics of "low frequency" and "large breakage", and is closely related to the "large cycle". The space-time superposition of the key layer of the high and low layers is an important cause of the "large cycle to press" of the working surface; The intervention control of the breaking motion of the roof of the middle and high critical layers is the key to reducing the compressive intensity and frequency of the "large cycle", and the way to achieve this can be to weaken the low critical layer or the middle and high critical layer. The research conclusions have positive reference significance for deepening the understanding of the "large cycle" strong mineral pressure phenomenon of the working surface under similar geological conditions in the Yushen Mining Area and guiding the development of follow-up system governance engineering practice.