Abstract: In order to ensure the safe and efficient production of the rock burst mine, the anchor cable support and borehole blasting are adopted to ensure the safety and stability of the surrounding rock of the roadway. The paper is based on the 402102 working face of Hujiahe mine, the Anchorage Force, working resistance and damage of surrounding rock structure are analyzed by numerical simulation and field test. The results show that the failure of anchoring force has little relation with the relative position of the pressure relief hole, and the loss of pre-tightening force is consistent between before and after the pressure relief, basically between 40% and 50% , the working resistance of the cable is basically unchanged, which is 101.6 kn and 99.4 kn respectively, but it has some influence on the structural integrity of the surrounding rock, and there is a certain relationship between the structural deterioration area and the blasting pressure relief hole, it can provide reference for the optimization of pressure relief of subsequent blasting.