Abstract: As the main water inrush source of coal mine water disaster accidents, goaf water accumulation has become an important goal of mine water prevention and control. This paper puts forward a series of engineering and technical schemes of "compound exploration and directional exploration" of mine groundwater based on the engineering background of the prevention and control of old empty water in coal seam 5 under the east wing of Yushuling Coal Mine. It includes the technical methods of compound exploration of mine underground water accumulation area (including three stages of macroscopic geophysical exploration, meso drilling exploration and microcosmic exploration) and long distance directional drilling precision exploration and drainage engineering scheme (including long distance directional drilling equipment technology and borehole layout design, etc.). And the implementation effect of the project is monitored and evaluated to realize the drainage of water in the goaf as a whole and solve the hidden danger of water damage caused by mining and layout in the working face. The engineering practice shows that the series of engineering technology of "compound exploration and directional exploration" has been implemented for 6 months, the accumulated empty water is about 226000m3, the water pressure decreases from 1.42MPa to 0.9MPa, and the water discharge effect is good, which can provide reference and guidance for mine exploration and discharge projects under similar conditions.