To explore the influence of different factors on the strength characteristics of cemented sandstone-like rock materials. Using sandstone aggregate, cement and quartz sand as raw materials, the rock-like cylindrical samples were prepared by different proportions. By means of YAW-150B automatic hydraulic testing machine test system, the compressive strength of rock-like materials under different influencing factors was measured and the damage and failure mechanism of the specimen was elucidated. The results show that water-cement ratio, sand-cement ratio and sandstone aggregate cement ratio all have certain effects on the strength of rock-like materials. The compressive strength of rock-like materials increases first and then decreases with the increase of water-cement ratio. When the water-cement ratio is 0.42, the strength of the material reaches the maximum and then slowly decreases. The ratio of sand waste slag to cement is negatively correlated with the strength of rock-like materials. When the ratio of sand to cement is about 0.9, the compressive strength of the material reaches a peak, and then decreases rapidly, and the final strength is usually lower than the initial strength. There are three failure modes: tensile failure, shear failure and friction failure, and tensile failure is the main failure mode, while shear failure and friction failure are the auxiliary failure mode.