To solve the quality control problem of grouting treatment process in water-filled goaf, real-time analysis the grouting effect in goaf; taking a water-filled goaf of Daizhuang coal mine in Jining as the object, this study investigates the variation law and influencing factors of groundwater level in the goaf during grouting process. Based on real-time data such as drilling water level, flushing fluid leakage location and grouting volume, combined with regional hydrogeological conditions, the dynamic change characteristics of groundwater level in the study area were identified, and the impact of grouting on the groundwater level in the water-filled goaf was mastered, the speculative method ground on water level change was proposed to real-time evaluate the grouting effect in the goaf, dynamically adjust and optimize the grouting process parameters, and improve the quality of grouting. The results show that before grouting, the water level buried depth of the exploration borehole in the goaf is basically the same, the water conducting cracks have good hydraulic connections; In the early stage of grouting, the change of groundwater level in goaf is not obvious, and the groundwater level rise caused by grouting has a lag effect. With continuous grouting, the borehole water level in the goaf continues to rise and the regional difference is obvious, indicating that the water conducting cracks in the overlying rock of the goaf are reduced, the permeability of the rock strata in the goaf is significantly reduced, and the grouting effect gradually becomes apparent, the borehole water level is closely related to the grouting effect in the goaf. Furthermore, according to the change characteristics of water level in subsequent boreholes, the injection ability of the borehole can be predicted, the grouting effect can be analyzed in real-time, the guidance for the optimization of subsequent grouting schemes can be provided, this technology can provide support for the real-time analysis of grouting effect in similar water-filled goaf.