Abstract: Based on the cooling demand and actual conditions of the coal mine, a new type of water cooling technology through gravity is put forward for the first time combining with the water-distribution of the mine. 1MPa hydrostatic pressure by elevation difference is used to overcome resistance of water supply system and take away the heat generated by the refrigerating unit. Compared with the traditional closed cycle cooling technology, the technology does not need heat transfer equipment, so the cooling system is simple and equipment investment is less. The equipment power is just 50% of the traditional technology and achieving the effect of saving energy and reducing consumption under the premise of meeting the refrigerating unit cooling requirement. It provides a new solution to solve heat hazard of small coal mines.