Abstract: In order to correctly understand the factors that affect the emergency management capabilities of coal mine enterprises, the study uses structural equation modeling (SEM) to analyze the main factors that affect the emergency management capabilities of coal mine enterprises. Firstly, theoretical analysis and on-site investigation are used to systematically consider and extract 13 factors in 4 categories that affect the emergency management capabilities of coal mine enterprises; then SPSS 19.0 is used to process the questionnaire and analysis of reliability and validity; finally, AMOS 21.0 is used to construct The structure equation model of coal mine enterprise emergency management capability factors and emergency response and rescue effect is further analyzed, fitted and revised, and the causal relationship and influence coefficient between each index are obtained. The results show that post-event management capabilities, risk management capabilities, mechanism support capabilities, and emergency prevention capabilities have an impact on the emergency response and rescue effects; among them, the post-event management capabilities have the greatest impact on the emergency response and rescue effects, mainly focusing on the recovery of production and rapid decision-making The ability to implement corresponding emergency measures; followed by risk management capabilities, mechanism support capabilities, and emergency prevention capabilities.