Abstract: In order to prevent the spontaneous combustion of residual coal in goaf caused by the interworking of air flow in adjacent goaf after mining of close coal seam group working face. Taking the 31114 fully mechanized mining face of lijiahao coal mine as the engineering background, the oxygen concentration distribution law on the inlet side and return side is measured by using the method of field analysis and numerical simulation. According to the oxygen concentration distribution law, the distribution range of "three zones" of spontaneous combustion in the goaf of the mining layer is delimited, and the minimum advance degree of safe mining in the working face is given. At the same time, the distribution law of oxygen concentration in the overlying goaf of coal seam group mining is simulated by FLUENT software, the key prevention and control area of fire in the goaf of the upper adjacent layer is delimited, and the comprehensive fire prevention and extinguishing measures combining ground plugging, corner plugging and grouting at the position of residual coal pillar are proposed.