Abstract: 　　To explore the influence law of low temperature of coal oxidation atmosphere generated CO, through temperature programmed device, the ESR scanning test and coal oxidation kinetics theory, from the perspective of macro and micro analysis of coal oxidation in the heating stage reaction active group, functional groups and different inlet temperature under the condition of the activation energy of the rule of variation of size, concentration of free radicals.. The results showed that low temperature atmosphere inhibited the oxidation process of coal by inhibiting the chain reaction of free radicals and its excitation effect and increasing the apparent activation energy required by the reaction system. At the initial stage of the oxidation reaction, the CO inhibition rates of 5℃, -15℃ and -35℃ reached 11%, 41% and 73% compared with the intake conditions of 25℃, while in the later stage of the experiment, the inhibition effect of low temperature atmosphere on CO was weakened and even could be ignored.