Abstract: Henan Province has a long history of coal resources development and high mining intensity. In recent years, the development potential of coal resources is seriously insufficient. It has changed from the traditional net transfer out area of coal to the large-scale net transfer in area. This paper deeply analyzes the coal production, transportation and demand in Henan Province in recent years, and uses the four coal consuming industry methods to predict that the coal demand in Henan Province will drop to 180-190 million tons at the end of the 14th five year plan and the 15th five year plan. Combined with the information of remaining recoverable reserves, production capacity and remaining service life of coal mines in Henan Province, it is predicted that the coal production capacity of Henan Province will drop to 114-117 million tons at the end of the 14th five year plan and the 15th five year plan. It is expected that in the future, Henan Province's coal dependence on other provinces will continue to increase and the pressure of ensuring supply will continue to exist. This paper puts forward countermeasures from the aspects of stabilizing regional production capacity, ensuring coal source supply and improving storage and distribution system.