Abstract: In order to solve the problem of surrounding rock control of open - cutting entry retaining near goaf, this paper studies the supporting system and key technologies of pressure relief through theoretical analysis and field test. The comprehensive surrounding rock control technology system and process of roof pressure relief, surrounding rock active support and high strength passive reinforcement are proposed. The ' directional pre-splitting + loose blasting ' combined pressure relief technology is implemented for thick hard roof. Through parameter optimization design, 90 % of the single fracture surface and the roof of the goaf behind the hydraulic supports is timely caving, and the surrounding rock structure is improved. After mining, the support of ' the coal side reinforcement anchor cable + roof constant resistance anchor cable + gangue sealing support+ alternating wooden stack + hydraulic single shed ' is adopted in time, and the deformation of surrounding rock is controlled by active and passive support reinforcement measures. When the working face is mined at 280 m, the surrounding rock of the open - cutting retaining roadway is stable, the displacement of the two sides is less than 300 mm, and the displacement of the roof and floor based on the floor heave is less than 500 mm. The surrounding rock control effect of the open - cutting retaining roadway meets the production demand.