Abstract: In the mining area of Guizhou, the ecological environment is fragile, and the topography is complex, most of them are low and medium mountain monopoly ridges, so the 11071 working face of Panzhihua coal mine in this typical geological condition is used as the background of the study. This method improves the recovery rate of coal resources and reduces the impact of coal mining on the environment and surface of the mine area, which has important application value. Through theoretical analysis and calculation, the width of retained coal pillar a is not less than 20m, and the strip mining width b is 25m~35m, and the surface deformation characteristics of three strip mining solutions are studied by numerical simulation method, and the "mining-retaining" solution is integrated and preferred. The effect of different replacement rates on the movement of the overlying rocks was studied, and the replacement rates were determined reasonably according to the conditions of the overlying rocks to maximize the resource recovery rate. The results of the study show that the solution of "mining 35m and leaving 30m, replacement rate 25%~50%" is the most reasonable, the secondary deformation of the ground surface is not obvious, and the ground surface deformation is in line with the standard of building damage level Ⅰ.