Abstract: Aiming at the disaster problems such as support crushing and roadway crushing in the mining of working face under shallow buried residual coal pillar, the method of pre-splitting blasting residual coal pillar and relieving stress concentration and disaster reduction was proposed. Based on the geological production conditions of Fengjiata Coal Mine, the bearing characteristics and stress distribution characteristics of residual coal pillar were studied by combining theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. The influence mechanism of uncoupling coefficient, axial charge coefficient, blast hole layout and initiation mode on the cracking effect of residual coal pillar was analyzed, and the reasonable blasting parameters were determined. The results show that the blasting coal pillar can reduce the transfer effect of coal pillar on the upper coating load, thereby reducing the force on the lower coal seam support.