Abstract: Based on the engineering background of goaf retaining roadway in Shendong mining area, the optimization of the ratio of coal gangue concrete backfill was systematically studied by the methods of theoretical analysis, laboratory test and numerical simulation, and the characteristics of surrounding rock deformation and backfill stress distribution in the mining process were analyzed. The main conclusions show that the use of coal gangue concrete backfill wall support, high prestress, strong anchor bolt and anchor cable as the basic support in the roadway can effectively control the deformation of surrounding rock along goaf retaining roadway and maintain the stability of retaining roadway. Based on the laboratory test and numerical simulation, the relationship between the optimal mix ratio of coal gangue concrete and the basic support inside and beside the roadway is analyzed. Finally, the optimal support scheme is optimized and the design principle of deep goaf-side roadway retaining support is proposed. It can provide reference for similar engineering geological conditions.