Abstract: Abstract: Individuals make certain behaviors that is mainly determined by the excitation and influence of its outcome, only to ensure that the benefits of safe production is greater than the " benefits" of occasionally illegal production, then can let employees make conscious safety behaviors fundamentally. Risk decision-making theory is introduced into the research for calculating and analyzing the coal mine workers’ expected return of unsafe behavior and loss. The research tries to reveal the hidden economic power for the persistent "three violations" behavior. The purpose of the research is to provide references for designing a reasonable safety rewards and punishments rule and reducing the unsafe behavior. Keywords: Unsafe Behavior; Risk decision-making model