Abstract: In this paper, the development status of coal gangue identification technology during caving mining is studied. Aiming at the problems faced by coal gangue identification technology, this paper analyzes the current development status of coal gangue recognition technology and the suitable conditions of various methods and the problems to be solved in application from the aspect of the principles, technical characteristics, advantages and disadvantages of various identification methods for coal gangue. The key points and development trend of coal gangue identification technology in the future are also given. It has reference value for the research and application of coal gangue identification technology.