Abstract: Abstract: The Belt and Road Initiative framework agreement brings great opportunities for the internationalization of China's coal enterprises. At present, coal is one of the important fundamental energy sources for China's economic development. The world's major coal enterprises face severe competitive pressures both at home and abroad. This study compares 12 large coal enterprises from 10 major coal-producing and consuming countries in the world. Through constructing the international competitiveness evaluation index system of the coal industry and using the analytic hierarchy process(AHP) to conduct empirical analysis, the study shows the development status of China's coal industry in the world. The results of the study show that China Shenhua Energy Company Limited ranked first in the overall score among 12 enterprises, while China’s other 2 enterprises ranked behind. This study provides pertinent suggestions and references for China’s coal industry so that the coal enterprises may formulate and revise strategic planning and that the government and enterprises may carry out international cooperation and competition in the field of coal industry.