Abstract: Steeply inclined coal seam rock backfill mining can effectively restrain the dynamic phenomena of coal seam and roof and floor, and improve the stability of "support-surrounding rock" system. Based on the analysis of influencing factors of surrounding rock movement and deformation, by using UDEC numerical simulation software, the migration law of surrounding rock under different coal seam dip angle, buried depth, filling rate and filling strength conditions was studied. The results show that with the increase of coal seam dip angle, the deformation and disturbance range of roof decrease, while the displacement deformation and failure of floor increase gradually; the deeper the burial depth, the higher the stress concentration and maximum subsidence value of surrounding rock; with the increase of filling rate and filling strength, the displacement deformation amount of surrounding rock decreases and the stability increases. This study can provide a reference for safe and efficient mining of steeply inclined coal seam.