Abstract: The paper summarizes the physicochemical properties (porous structure, surface characteristics, particle size distribution, density, etc.) of coal particles and the properties (concentration, rheology, viscosity characteristics, stability, etc.) of water quality (components, types and amounts of additives, etc.) The research progress of the impact; from the perspective of coal clean processing utilization and modern coal chemical development demand, the development trend of coal water slurry technology is analyzed, and the advanced technology and equipment in the wastewater pulping process are pointed out, and the water coal is proposed. The technical bottlenecks in pulp theory and practice analyze the research direction and development route of coal water slurry technology.