In response to the complex factors affecting the stability of roadway surrounding rock, based on the field investigation background of Balancheng Coal Mine, this paper adopts fuzzy cluster analysis method to study eight main factors affecting the roof strength, two-wall strength, floor strength, buried depth, top-to-height ratio (ratio of direct roof thickness to mining height), coal pillar width, maximum horizontal principal stress and average caving step, and establishes an evaluation model. The surrounding rock of the roadway is divided into five evaluation grades: very stable (Ⅰ), stable (Ⅱ), moderately stable (Ⅲ), unstable (Ⅳ) and extremely unstable (Ⅴ). The regression equation of surrounding rock stability prediction is established by using multiple stepwise regression analysis. The results show that the accuracy of simulation is 0.911, which can well reflect the quantitative relationship between the main influencing factors and the surrounding rock stability. The stability identification software of the surrounding rock of the roadway was developed, which could quickly identify the type of roadway, and the optimal design of support was proposed based on the classification results, which effectively reduced the deformation of the surrounding rock.