In order to study the surrounding rock control technology of the roadway under the section coal pillar of the close coal seam, theoretical calculation and numerical simulation were used to get the wide rockiness and stress distribution state of the plastic zone of the section coal pillar, study the stress distribution law of the lower coal seam under the section coal pillar under different interlayer conditions, determine the reasonable location of the lower coal seam back to the roadway, analyze the deformation characteristics of the surrounding rock of the roadway of the lower coal seam back to the roadway, and put forward the principle of the roadway's asymmetrical zoned support. The deformation amount of surrounding rock under different support conditions was calculated. The results show that: there is a 5.38 m elastic zone in the middle of the coal pillar in the upper section, and there is a stress concentration phenomenon; the stress environment is good when the lower back-mining roadway is arranged with 6 m of inward stagger, and the numerical simulation shows that the deformation of the top and bottom plates of the roadway and the peripheral rock of the left gang are all less than 200 mm, and it is necessary to strengthen the support of the coal pillar gangs; combining with the actual production conditions, an asymmetric zoned support scheme for the roadway is determined. The results of the study can be used as a reference for the roadway layout and support design under similar conditions.