Aiming at the key technical challenges such as poor borehole cleaning and unstable borehole wall in gas drilling under water-inrush conditions in broken-soft coal seam in underground coal mine, an in-depth analysis of the drilling debris transport process under water-inrush condition was conducted. The study revealed the mechanism by which water inrush in the strata leads to annular blockage and drilling resistance. Based on this, key technologies for air directional drilling suitable for water-inrush conditions in the strata were developed, and supporting drilling equipment was optimized and integrated. Field industrial tests were also conducted. The results showed that: (1) The dynamic imbalance of "gas-liquid-solid" multiphase flow in the borehole annulus leads to a sharp decline in annular debris removal efficiency and energy loss in gas circulation, which is the main cause of resistance to air directional drilling. Its prominent manifestations include a surge in debris removal resistance, an increase in annular pressure drop gradient, and even severe annular blockage. (2) A method for collaborative identification of water inrush in the strata based on comprehensive exploration technology was proposed, providing a basis for optimizing the design of borehole trajectory. By integrating real-time monitoring data such as drilling parameters, air supply parameters, and water inflow from the strata, a criterion for identifying precursor characteristics of borehole blockage was established. A composite debris removal technology based on feedback from monitoring parameters was developed, effectively reducing the adhesion of drilling debris to the drilling tools and borehole walls and improving debris removal efficiency. (3) Using a complete set of technical equipment, 7 directional boreholes were successfully drilled under local water-inrush conditions in a broken-soft coal seam in Huayang Second Mine in Shanxi Province, including five boreholes over 350 meters deep, with the maximum borehole depth reaching 506 meters, achieving significant gas extraction results. The research findings provide important technical references for gas extraction in broken-soft coal seam under similar geological conditions and have promotion and application value.