Abstract: Abstract: The relationship between carbon emissions and economic growth in major countries of the world is studied with carbon emission Tapio decoupling elastic decomposition model. The characteristics of decoupling at different stages and the evolution of major drivers are discussed. The results indicate that carbon emissions and GDP decoupling of China are generally weak decoupling. Since 2014, China’s carbon emissions have experienced negative growth, and the decoupling state has been strongly decoupled. The overall decoupling state of the US is ideally weak decoupling. The US carbon emissions achieved negative growth, and carbon emissions were strongly decoupled from GDP after 2006 due to the optimization and upgrading of energy structure. The decoupling state in India is worse and Japan's decoupling state is weakly decoupled. Research of driving factors indicate that energy intensity and economic growth effects are the main factors affecting the decoupling of carbon emissions from GDP in China, the United States, India and Japan. In addition, India's carbon emissions are also greatly affected by the population effect, and the energy structure effect has a greater impact on Japan's carbon emissions and GDP decoupling.