Abstract: In order to prevent the water inrush accident caused by the forward structure of the confined water during the excavation process, the transient electromagnetic method "five-horizontal and one vertical" detection test plan was adopted in the Shuozhou Guoqiang coal mine to carry out the advanced detection of the water inrush structure. The profile, plan and perspective view accurately define the position of the water guiding channel and the water-rich zone, analyze the type and correlation of water damage, and carry out the design of the advanced exploration and drainage water on the basis of this, and propose the advanced exploration and release measures of the karst pressure-bearing water inrush structure. The results show that the transient electromagnetic method can cover the structure and water-rich conditions in the front of the excavation, form a three-dimensional map of multi-directional data, analyze the water-rich distribution and connectivity, and conclude that there may be faults or subsidence pillars in front of the heading of Guoqiang coal mine. Structure, connecting aquifers such as sandstone and limestone to form a water-rich zone; In view of the characteristics of high water pressure and sufficient water volume in the high-pressure karst area, on the basis of advanced detection, special drilling technology schemes, such as encrypted drilling arrangement and orifice safety device layout, can be developed for the front water-rich area. Water release work and timely safety analysis; During the process of exploration and release of water, when drilling signs are found, drilling must be stopped immediately, and the drill pipe must not be pulled out. If necessary, grouting should be used to block the water guiding structure or leave a waterproof coal pillar to ensure safe mining of the working face.