Abstract: Aiming at the problem of health damage caused by exhaust pollutants of explosion-proof diesel trolleyless wheelbarrow in underground coal mine, an online monitoring system for the exhaust of explosion-proof diesel trolleyless wheelbarrow in underground coal mine was designed for real-time monitoring of vehicle exhaust. The system is composed of sensor nodes, coordinators and monitoring hosts. Wireless communication channels are established by LoRa, 4G, 5G and other wireless communication technologies. The coordinators gather sensor node data and then forward the data to the monitoring host. After the test, the system communication quality stability monitoring of high precision, satisfy the real time monitoring of coal mine underground space environment rubber_tyred car explosion-proof diesel engine exhaust emissions, provide real-time data for coal mine, direct control of ventilation system and vehicle scheduling plan, reviewing the status of vehicle emissions, and improve the workers work environment, reduce the occupational disease risk, safeguard worker health.