The movement of particles on the screen surface will directly affect the screening efficiency of the screening equipment, In this paper, the discrete element method (DEM) is used to simulate the particle movement on the screen surface of the linear vibrating screen, the motion process and type of single particles on the sieve surface under different conditions were analyzed. The effects of vibration direction angle, amplitude and frequency on particle motion trajectory, collision period and collision interval were analyzed. The results show that the amplitude is in the range of 10mm~40mm, and the collision period and collision interval gradually increase with the increase of amplitude. The frequency is in the range of 3Hz~7Hz, the collision period and collision interval first increase and then decrease, when the frequency is 6Hz, the collision period and collision interval are the largest. When the vibration direction angle is 20°, 30°, 50°, 70°, the particles on the screen surface have sliding motion, and when the vibration direction angle is 80°, 90°, the particle collision period does not change, and increasing the vibration direction angle will reduce the collision interval of the particles. In most simulation cases, the particles are densely located in the first few collisions of the sieve surface, and the porosity can be increased in the area with dense landing points according to the simulation results and actual production experience when the sieve surface is opened.