Addressing the issue of difficulty in achieving large-scale pre-relief of rock burst in working faces under thick hard roofs, a study was conducted on hydraulic fracturing technology in long boreholes for rock burst prevention at the 20101 face of Dazezhe Coal Mine. Using theoretical analysis and field measurements, the fracturing layers were identified, and the effects of hydraulic fracturing and rock burst prevention were evaluated. The conclusions are as follows: ①By analyzing the height of the caving zone filled with rocks in the goaf and the distribution pattern of microseismic events in the working face, and comprehensively considering the height required to fill the goaf, the fracture range of the overlying strata, and avoiding damage to the existing roadway support structures during fracturing, the design heights for underground long borehole hydraulic fracturing were determined to be 20 meters and 35 meters, respectively. ②During fracturing, the water pressure fluctuates within a stable range, and in the late stage of fracturing, the sudden increase in water output from adjacent boreholes indicates that the fractures in the target layer have communicated with adjacent boreholes, forming a fracture network, demonstrating good fracturing results. ③After adopting underground long borehole hydraulic fracturing, the total energy and frequency of microseismic events, high-energy microseismic events, dynamic load coefficient, and pressure step distance significantly decreased or reduced. The research results indicate that underground long borehole hydraulic fracturing can significantly reduce the risk of rock burst in the working face, achieve safe mining under thick hard roofs, and provide a reference for rock burst prevention in working faces of mines with similar geological conditions.