With the widespread application of the new generation of information technology, the intelligent construction of coal mines has become an inevitable trend in the development of the mining industry. However, during the construction process, there are still issues such as the insufficient understanding of the intelligent operation and management concepts in coal mines, the insufficiently established innovation ecosystem for intelligent technology applications, the failure to achieve expected efficiency in intelligent systems, the lack of well-developed policies and mechanisms for the normal operation of intelligent systems in coal mines, and the insufficient reserve of high-end talents in coal mine intelligent normalization, which seriously affect the normalized operation and management of coal enterprise intelligence systems, and hindering the high-quality development of the coal industry. To address the above issues, this paper first introduces a comprehensive concept of management integration, system intelligence, continuous operation, and evaluation standardization, which proposes the primary connotation and construction principles of coal mine intelligent normalization. Then, the top-level architecture of coal mine intelligence normalization was designed by integrating the "intelligent technology + management" operation mode of coal mine intelligent normalization. On this basis, considering different aspects such as business relations, technical support, data flow, and system evaluation, this paper comprehensively elaborates on the business logic, technical system, data architecture, and evaluation management contents that support the top-level architecture of coal mine intelligent normalization, and also briefly analyzes the potential correlation between the top-level architecture of coal mine intelligence normalization and others, providing a theoretical basis for further promoting high-quality operation and management of coal mine intelligent normalization. Finally, this paper points out some theoretical issues that need to be addressed in the future operation management process of coal mine intelligence normalization, which provides theoretical and technical support for further building the theory system of coal mine intelligence normalization and realizing the enterprise goals of safety improvement, production balance, production capacity guarantee, work efficiency improvement, and benefit growth.

Traditional classic drainage pump houses in underground mines suffer from complex structures, high construction difficulty, long construction cycles, and harsh working environments. To address these drawbacks, this paper proposes a design concept and solution for a trenchless water distribution drainage pump house. By replacing traditional water distribution tunnels, water distribution shafts, suction shafts, and suction shaft niches with a continuously arranged suction shaft, the design achieves a simpler structure, higher mechanization during construction, reduced labor intensity, shorter construction periods, and easier long-term operation. Compared to traditional classic drainage pump houses, the construction period is shortened by 1.5 months, and the construction investment is reduced by 0.711 million yuan, a decrease of 9.7%. This approach has broad applicability and potential for promotion in both coal and non-coal mines.

In order to reduce the casualties of mine accidents, a portable mine refuge unit is designed for rapid response, flexible deployment, and efficient realization of rescue functions to meet emergency needs. Firstly, we take the portable mine refuge device as the basis of design, and incorporate the special needs of mine workers and the problems in the rescue process of mine accidents, and use the hierarchical analysis method (AHP) to determine the requirements and select the weighting items as the reference of the product functional indicators; secondly, we use the functional model (FBS) to construct the functional requirements of the refuge device by mapping the function-behavior-structure (FBS). Secondly, the functional model (FBS) is used to map “function-behavior-structure” to construct a functional requirement model of the refuge device, in order to obtain a solution to the design problem. Finally, the theoretical tool for inventive problem solving (TRIZ) is used as a complementary tool to improve the innovation and quality of the design by perfecting and solving the resulting problems. A new design model based on the combination of AHP-FBS-TRIZ was used to focus the design, and a mine refuge device was designed, and the design was analyzed by numerical simulation using the ergonomics analysis software (Jack) to verify the rationality of the design. The results show that the combination of different design methods can systematically and effectively improve the efficiency and performance of the mine refuge design. The design of the refuge device is designed to be as reliable, efficient, rapid and applicable as possible, thereby reducing mine injuries and improving the efficiency of rescue in mine accidents.

To provide a more reasonable and feasible "three-machine" matching scheme for ultra-long working faces in medium-thick coal seams, a suitable matching scheme for a 2-3m thick coal seam and a 450m ultra-long fully mechanized working face at the Xiaobaodang No. 2 Mine's 132202 working face was proposed. This scheme considers geological conditions and mining processes, and the power and other parameters of the "three machines" were calculated sequentially. The model selection was explained from three perspectives: production capacity, lifespan, and size and position coordination, to ensure the safe and efficient operation of the "three machines." Underground operation results show that the matching scheme is reasonable, the equipment operates well, and the expected goal of producing ten million tons per year has been achieved. This matching scheme provides both theoretical and practical experience for achieving mechanized mining of ultra-long working faces in medium-thick coal seams under similar conditions and contributes to the further development of ultra-long working face applications.

The intelligent control of coal mines faces challenges of dynamic response lag and multi-source data fragmentation, and traditional models are difficult to capture transient anomalies underground and collaboratively analyze multimodal data. This article proposes a Multi Task Adaptive Architecture (MTA-Transformer) based on Transformer, which uses cross modal feature fusion and shared encoders to unify the modeling of equipment vibration, gas concentration, and other data, achieving multi-scale dynamic perception of the mining environment and solving the problems of dynamic monitoring and risk early warning of the mining environment. Experiments have shown that in bearing fault detection tasks, the accuracy of this model reaches 93.5%, with a false alarm rate (FAR) of 2.0%, and the response time is within 5ms, which is a significant improvement compared to traditional models; The NRMSE for predicting gas concentration is 7.83%, the coverage probability of the prediction interval (PICP) is 91.7%, and the advance warning time can reach 6 hours. MTA Transformer provides a feasible technological paradigm for the intelligent construction of mines.

At present, the traditional treatment process of coal-containing wastewater in mining areas is faced with technical bottlenecks such as low solid-liquid separation efficiency, high dependence on chemical agents, and insufficient reuse rate of regenerated water. This paper takes a typical coal preparation plant in a high-altitude mining area in Inner Mongolia as the research object, innovatively constructs a silicon carbide ceramic membrane separation system, and enhances the interface adsorption and sieving synergy mechanism of the ceramic membrane through surface modification and dynamic filtration. By optimizing key parameters and process flows and coupling online gas-water pulse backflushing technology, it achieves efficient and short-process wastewater resource utilization. Engineering practice shows that under the working conditions with large fluctuations in the content of COD, turbidity, and oil substances in the influent, the system stably realizes the removal rates of main pollutants SS, petroleum, and COD greater than 97.5%, and the reuse rate of regenerated water is increased to 97.6%, with the operation cost per ton of water reduced by 61.8%. This study, in response to the characteristics of wastewater in high-altitude mining areas, proposes an efficient and short-process treatment technology based on ceramic membrane technology, providing a new technical path for wastewater resource utilization and industrial near-zero discharge.

In response to the major water hazard of water and sand outburst in the loose strata of the thin bedrock area of coal seam roof, this paper analyzes the four necessary conditions for water and sand outburst, namely water and sand sources, channels, power sources and accommodation space. The "driving water and solidifying sand" grouting control technology was proposed. This technology changes the hydrodynamic conditions of the loose strata through high-pressure grouting, forming a "root skeleton" network structure, displacing the water in the loose sand layer and enhancing its stability. On this basis, the selection and parameters of drilling types under different hydrogeological conditions were proposed, and four grouting modes, including the flat push type and the central flower type, as well as their parameters were clarified. The engineering practice in Wugou Coal Mine shows that the maximum unit water inflow of the four aquifers after grouting is 0.000474 L/s.m, and the pressure of the inspection holes increases by 15.3% to 57%. The results of the grouting return water, grouting diffusion distance, and core drilling samples verify the formation of the grouting diffusion network, effectively reducing the risk of water and sand outburst. This technology provides a systematic solution for the prevention and control of water hazards in the loose strata of the thin bedrock area of coal seam roof and has significant engineering application value.

In order to solve the problem of large deformation caused by multiple superimposed stress disturbances in facing excavation roadway, a systematic study was carried out on the four kinds of partition failure characteristics under the influence of mining in the test roadway by combining on-site testing and numerical simulation with the engineering background of the return roadway of the working face of Hongyi Coal Mine 1150403. The study shows that the strong mining stress, soft rock, and inappropriate support structure are the key factors for the partition failure of the roadway. Therefore, the roadway control strategy of ‘roof-cutting stress control + partition management + grouting reconstruction + multi-stage coordinated reinforcement’ is proposed, which forms the linkage control technology of pressure relief-roof to bottom. Simulation and on-site monitoring show that the new scheme reduces the peak stress of the roadway by more than 10.29%, reduces the stress concentration area by more than 54.25%, and reduces the amount of roof and floor and the two ribs shifting by 79.2% and 53.8%, respectively, which significantly improves the effect of the peripheral rock control, and ensures the safety and stability of the peripheral rock of the roadway in the whole process of the mining and excavation.

In working faces with shallow burial depth and thin bedrock where the roof is severely weathered and fractured, it remains a widespread technical challenge in mining engineering to effectively control roof stability during roadway excavation support and face retreat operations. Taking the 3209 shallow-buried working face in the severely weathered zone of the Fengjiata Coal Mine as the engineering background, this study employs field measurements, numerical simulation, theoretical analysis, and industrial-scale testing to investigate the full-cycle surrounding rock stability control problem during excavation and mining in the shallow weathered zone of the 3209 working face. The reinforcement effect of grouting anchor cables on the roof during roadway excavation is evaluated, and the mine pressure manifestation mechanism under the coupled influence of surface gully topography and roof weathering in shallow-buried working faces is revealed. The results show that during the working face retreat, the maximum vertical stress in the roof of the 3209 transportation roadway reaches 2.45 MPa, the maximum roof subsidence is approximately 248 mm, the maximum development range of the plastic zone is about 20 meters, and the fractures within the roof are predominantly tensile-shear fractures. Under the gully landform, the maximum surface subsidence above the working face reaches 1.76 meters, the peak value of the abutment pressure is 5.40 MPa, and the stress concentration factor reaches 1.8; after the working face advances more than 80 meters, the number of fractures tends to increase steadily. The study proposes a safe mining control technology scheme for the “reconstruction” of strongly weathered and fractured roof through grouting in the working face. Field implementation results indicate that the roof grouting measures effectively improved the overall stability and deformation resistance of the surrounding rock. During face retreat, only localized issues such as coal wall spalling and end-face spallation occurred, while the working face advanced smoothly overall, with no instances of support frame crushing. The grouting reconstruction technology for fractured roof effectively addressed the full-cycle surrounding rock control problem in the shallow-buried weathered zone of the working face, providing technical support and reference for the safe mining of shallow-buried coal resources under similar conditions in the mine.

To address the severe issue of mining pressure manifestation in retreat channel, which arises from improper top-coal retention and inadequate support parameters in the final stage of fully mechanized top-coal caving (FMTCC) mining, a comprehensive study was conducted using field investigation, theoretical analysis, and numerical simulation. The study focused on determining the optimal retreat channel location, un-caving parameters of the top coal, and control measures for the surrounding rock. The main findings are as follows: (1) Retaining a portion of the top coal during the final mining stage effectively reduces the intensity of mining pressure manifestations in the working face. The overlying rock structure, formed when the main roof fracture line is located above the goaf, is most favorable for maintaining the stability of the retreat channel’s surrounding rock; (2) A un-caving distance of 20m ensures sufficient goaf filling, timely main roof fracturing, and pressure relief, thereby representing a rational un-caving top coal distance; (3) Asymmetric support system of anchor cable (Support Scheme VI) effectively establishes a prestressed field connection between the coal wall and the roof of the retreat channel, achieving targeted control of surrounding rock stability based on the principle of differentiated strong–weak support; (4) Field application demonstrates that the combination of a rational top-coal un-caving distance with a scientifically designed support system significantly enhances retreat channel stability, while simultaneously reducing coal resource wastage and mitigating the risk of spontaneous combustion of residual coal.

The large deformation and failure of surrounding rock in gob-side entry retaining without coal pillars is an important technological challenge that restricts the safe mining of coal resources in the coal face. This article focuses on the problem of controlling the surrounding rock of roadside filling concrete in gob-side entry retaining. The uniaxial compressive strength of filling concrete under different curing ages was tested through laboratory tests, and the relationship curves between concrete strength and curing ages and its peak compressive strength were obtained. The loosening and damage range of surrounding rock at different positions of roadway was obtained through drilling and observation, based on this, it was determined that the length of anchor cable on roadway roof should not be less than 4.90 m and the length of two sides should not be less than 3.70 m. The numerical simulation results indicate the influence range of advanced mining on the coal face and the degree of disturbance of surrounding rock at different positions. The reasonable distance for advanced reinforcement support is determined to be no less than 19.08 m. Based on this, a regional asymmetric control technology scheme for filling the surrounding rock of gob-side entry retaining is proposed. The feasibility of zoning asymmetric control technology was analyzed through indicators such as rock pressure of filling body, roof separation, and rock movement, verifying the rationality of the research results. The research results have important reference value for controlling the surrounding rock of gob-side entry retaining under similar conditions.

In the Shenfu Mining Area, the surface is crisscrossed by gullies with large elevation differences. Under the combined action of mining disturbance and surface topography, the laws of mine pressure behavior are complex when the working face passes through gully areas. Additionally, the upper coal seam was mined using the room-and-pillar method, and the remaining coal pillars affect the roof stability during the mining of the lower coal seam. To address this issue, taking the 51208 working face of Guojiawan Coal Mine as the engineering background, this study comprehensively uses theoretical analysis, numerical simulation, and field monitoring to investigate the mine pressure behavior laws of the working face passing through room-and-pillar goaf under gully topography. The results show that: The stress of room-and-pillar coal pillars in gully areas increases toward the extension segment of the slope crest, with the maximum influence position shifting to the middle of the slope, exhibiting the characteristics of "increasing on the slope, decreasing at the slope bottom, stepped distribution, and centripetal offset". Gully topography dominates the mine pressure behavior of the lower working face, with the difference in roof stress between the working face mined under room-and-pillar goaf being only 1%.The field monitoring of mine pressure behavior is similar to the simulated stress characteristics. The periodic weighting interval in the slope bottom area is approximately 7.45 m, while that in the upper slope segment is 9.54–11.74 m. The average periodic weighting interval in the slope crest and stable mining segments is 10.0 m. Overall, the mine pressure shows zonal characteristics of "short and small at the slope bottom, chaotic and large in the middle slope, stable and widespread at the slope crest" and a behavior law of "unilateral concentration in the early stage, asynchronous fluctuation in the middle stage, and global stability in the later stage". This study reveals the mine pressure behavior laws of working faces passing through remaining coal pillars in gully areas, providing research ideas and guiding significance for the mine pressure behavior laws of working face mining under similar geological conditions.

Abstract: In response to the problem of preventing and controlling rockburst in excavation face under the coupling effects of large mining depth, fault structure, and lateral stress in goaf, the manifestation law of rock pressure in excavation face was analyzed through theoretical analysis, on-site measurement, and engineering inversion. Comprehensive measures for preventing and controlling rockburst, such as "drilling blasting" combination and fixed-point reinforcement support, were proposed to achieve safe excavation in the coupled stress affected area. The analysis results show that: (1) the maximum static load of the excavation face estimated based on the load three zone theory is 45.67 MPa, and the peak lateral support pressure in the goaf is 60 m away from the goaf; (2) The vibration events monitored based on microseismic data are mainly concentrated within a range of 30 meters from the top and bottom of the coal seam. The energy proportion of vibration events within a range of 30 meters from the coal seam roof is 40%, and the frequency proportion is 38%. The main layer within this range is 13.4 meters of medium sandstone, which provides guidance for the selection of parameters for roof construction under the influence of key layers; (3) Based on the inversion analysis of microseismic data, it is known that stress accumulation occurs at a distance of 55-80 meters from the track roadway, which is consistent with the 60 meter result calculated by the load three band theory.

Monitoring and early warning of coal spontaneous combustion hazards in goafs are essential steps for preventing early-stage coal spontaneous combustion fires, and also core challenges that need to be urgently addressed. To solve the monitoring and early warning problem of coal spontaneous combustion fires during the mining process of the 1502-2 extra-thick steeply inclined fully mechanized caving face in the 5-2 coal seam of Chicheng Coal Mine, a coal spontaneous combustion programmed temperature-rising experiment was used to obtain the variation laws of concentrations of gases such as CO, CO?, CH?, C?H?, C?H?, and C?H? with temperature during the spontaneous combustion and oxidation process of the tested coal samples at different temperatures. Combined with field data, CO and C?H? were determined as the index gases for predicting coal spontaneous combustion, and ΔCO/ΔO? and C?H?/C?H? were taken as the early warning indices for coal spontaneous combustion. A five-level early warning index system of "gray, blue, yellow, orange, red" was proposed, and the early warning thresholds were determined based on field conditions, forming a hierarchical early warning index system for coal spontaneous combustion in fully mechanized mining faces. This hierarchical early warning index system was applied to the 1502-2 fully mechanized mining face in the 5-2 coal seam, achieving early warning of coal spontaneous combustion hazards, improving the technical level of coal spontaneous combustion fire prevention and control, and ensuring the safe mining of the working face.

To solve the problems of low transmission efficiency, poor synchronization and low-speed torque pulsation of emerging switched reluctance motor (SRM) in traditional multi-motor drive system of belt conveyor, a multi-motor cooperative control strategy based on optimized fuzzy PID and improved deviation coupling based on Whale Algorithm (WOA) is proposed. Firstly, an integrated switched reluctance semi-direct drive (SRSD) multi-motor system of SRM+built-in planetary gear reduction mechanism is designed; Secondly, a direct instantaneous torque control method based on WOA optimized fuzzy PID is proposed to improve the dynamic response and disturbance immunity of SRM by dynamically adjusting the PID parameters. The simulation results show that compared with the traditional PID and fuzzy PID control, the WOA optimized strategy reduces the speed overshoot to 0.33% and the starting current to 20% under no-load condition; Furthermore, according to the demands of multi-motor cooperative control, a new control structure with improved deviation coupling is designed by introducing synchronous compensation coefficient and acceleration compensation mechanism. The simulation shows that the maximum speed difference of the three motors decreases from 4r/min to 3r/min; Finally, a validation test was carried out on the semi-direct-drive test platform with two rollers and three motors of the belt conveyor, and the maximum speed difference between the three motors in the no-load and load tests of the drive system with the new control strategy was 3.8 r/min and 3.4 r/min respectively. The synchronous control effect of the designed strategy was verified. The research shows that this strategy can significantly improve the starting characteristics, synchronization performance and disturbance immunity of the belt conveyor, and can provide a new technical solution for the efficient, green and intelligent driving of the mine heavy transport equipment.

In the process of horizontal section mining of steeply inclined coal seam group, the evolution law of roof migration and stress transfer is complex due to the influence of multi-section repeated mining. In order to study its fracture characteristics and stress evolution mechanism, taking Tianshun Mine in Xinjiang as the engineering background, combined with physical similarity simulation and numerical calculation, the asymmetric failure evolution law and energy-stress coordination mechanism of surrounding rock under multi-section mining are systematically studied. The results show that the mining stress field shows obvious asymmetric deflection characteristics. The stress concentration area is formed along the upper and lower parts of the roof of the inclined goaf, the middle part is the stress release area, and the third principal stress direction is reversed in space, forming a dynamic evolution of asymmetric stress envelope arch. The failure of surrounding rock presents three-stage evolution characteristics : 1 and 2 segments are the initial stable stage, the deflection angle of principal stress is small, and the failure of surrounding rock is mainly slight collapse ; the third section is the critical instability stage, the principal stress deflection angle increases significantly, the microseismic energy and unloading amount reach the peak value, the bearing arch structure suddenly loses stability, and the high rock stratum collapses violently. The 4th and 5th sections are the chain expansion stage, the unloading range continues to expand and the frequency of microseismic events increases, and the damage range shows an expansion trend with the increase of mining depth. The study reveals that the stability of the roof is controlled by the mining process and the deflection of the principal stress. When the height of the section is 25 m, the roof will undergo periodic instability and failure, and the three-section mining is the critical threshold for roof instability. The research results can provide reference and guidance for roof stability control of horizontal sublevel stope in steeply inclined coal seam group.

The mechanisms of water and sand inrush disasters in coal mines are complex, and their prevention and control pose significant challenges. To address issues such as the inconspicuous disaster precursors, large instantaneous inrush volumes, and challenges in prediction and forecasting during mining operations, this study summarizes research progress from the perspectives of hydrogeological conditions, disaster mechanisms, prevention and control technologies, and monitoring and early warning systems. Typical engineering cases of water and sand inrush are selected from shallow-buried thin bedrock mining areas, deep-buried weakly cemented rock layers, and mining areas near loose strata. The analysis elucidates typical hydrogeological conditions and disaster characteristics, summarizes the necessary conditions for their occurrence, and explains the mechanisms of water and sand inrush under different sedimentary environments. Water and sand inrush results from the combined influence of sedimentary environments and mining activities. Sedimentary environments provide the source and dynamic conditions for water and sand, while mining activities determine the formation of water and sand pathways and the initiation conditions. For three identified disaster-inducing modes, this study discusses prevention and control technologies, including aquifer modification, conventional dewatering and pressure reduction, surface direct drainage holes, and pre-installed diversion pipes combined with fan-shaped drainage. Based on this foundation and integrating multi-physical field monitoring data from both surface and underground, an intelligent "perception-early warning-decision" prevention and control framework is proposed. This forms a comprehensive technical system for the dynamic monitoring, early warning, and prevention of water and sand inrush from the roof strata of working faces, while also outlining future development directions.

In order to solve the problem of controlling the surrounding rock of the large height roadway in the face of mining and digging, taking the 3924 return roadway of Zhaiyadi coal mine as the research object, numerical simulation was used to determine the scope of the 3924 return roadway in the face of mining section with a mining spacing of 40~-60 m, and analyze the plastic zone of the surrounding rock of the roadway in different phases and the distribution of the maximum shear strain law, which showed that the scope of the plastic zone is more consistent with the range of the distribution of the maximum shear strain, and the shoulder of the roadway, The shoulder and bottom corners of the roadway are the first to undergo shear damage, and then, under the influence of mining superposition, the X-shaped shear slip zone is formed in the coal pillar gangs of the roadway in the headquarter section, which divides the coal body of the roadway gangs into unstable triangular blocks, and the unstable triangular blocks slip out of the roadway gangs under the influences of the dynamic pressure and the self-weight, resulting in the occurrence of gangs, and the dynamic pressure is the direct cause of the activation of the coal pillar side to produce the shear slip surface. Based on the mechanical model of shear slip of coal body in gangway, the expression of safety coefficient of coal body in gangway is deduced, and the relevant parameters of 3924 return air lane are brought in, focusing on analyzing the factors affecting the stability of the roadway, and the results show that: the height of the roadway is negatively correlated with the stability of the roadway, and the strength of the coal body and the supporting force are positively correlated with the stability of the roadway. Combined with numerical simulation and theoretical analysis results, the perimeter rock support parameters for the headway section were designed, and finally the field industrial test was successfully carried out, and the field monitoring results showed that the deformation of the perimeter rock at the top of the headway section was small, and the overall control effect of the headway was good.

In order to study the coupling mechanism of rock stress field-seepage field under triaxial continuous loading conditions, the seepage tests of red sandstone with different pore water pressures were carried out to analyze the mechanical response and seepage characteristics of red sandstone under fluid-solid coupling. The particle flow numerical simulation and Fipy coupling method were used for experimental verification and meso-interpretation. The development, propagation and seepage evolution of rock cracks under fluid-solid coupling were revealed, and the influence mechanism of effective confining pressure on volumetric strain, meso-fracture and seepage was clarified. The results show that : (1) According to the crack volume strain, the total stress-permeability coefficient-strain curve of red sandstone under pore water pressure is divided into four stages : I-compaction seepage retardation stage, II-elastic deformation seepage stability weakening stage, III-crack propagation seepage instability enhancement stage, IV-post-peak fracture sliding seepage reduction stage. (2) The smaller the effective confining pressure of rock is, the easier the force chain and crack are to break and initiate, and the easier it is to produce macroscopic fracture. (3) Due to the different pore structure and crack distribution in different areas of the rock, there are some differences in the distribution of permeability coefficient. (4) The seepage velocity and permeability coefficient are positively correlated with the degree of crack development. The seepage path of rock is closely related to the initiation, propagation and penetration of microcracks, and a continuous and relatively stable seepage path is formed in the fracture surface.

Due to the advantages of no pollution, environmental protection and low cost, pure water hydraulic system is becoming the focus of research in the field of hydraulics to replace the traditional emulsion system. In this paper, the accuracy and reliability of the pressure loss simulation model of each unit of the pipeline in the AMEsim software are used to establish a single-inlet single-circuit, double-inlet double-circuit and three-inlet three-circuit simulation model of the liquid supply pipeline layout based on the ZY29000 / 45 / 100 D support hydraulic system. The pressure loss performance in different pipeline layouts under emulsion and pure water media is analyzed. The results show that under the experimental model conditions, the pressure loss along the pure water medium is 20 % -30 % lower than that of the emulsion medium pipeline. With the increase of the number of liquid supply pipeline branches, the pressure loss advantage of the pure water medium is more significant. However, it is necessary to comprehensively consider the stability of the working face of the balance lifting system and the pipeline cost.

In order to solve the problem of poor power quality in complex working conditions underground coal mines, research is conducted on the detection and compensation methods for abnormal currents. Detailed analysis was conducted on the structural principles and functional characteristics of various types of second-order generalized integrators, achieving precise tracking of current and efficient filtering. Further propose a current comprehensive compensation method based on a second-order generalized integrator structure to implement fundamental frequency filtering. The symmetrical component method is used to extract the current positive sequence component, and the instantaneous power theory is used to extract the current active component. Then, the fundamental frequency positive sequence active component in the load current is uniformly obtained, and the difference between the actual load current and this component is taken as the sum of the components that need to be compensated, achieving comprehensive detection and compensation of the current. Based on the Simulink platform, simulation experiments were conducted on the compensation effect under various non ideal load conditions to verify the accuracy of theoretical analysis. The results showed that this method can achieve comprehensive detection and compensation of abnormal currents such as reactive power, harmonics, and imbalance, and is feasible for power quality control in complex working conditions underground coal mines.

Aiming at the three problems of strong professionalism, semantic confusion and data imbalance in the text classification data of "three violation" in coal mine, the cBert-GCN model for the classification of "three violation" in coal mine is proposed. Considering the existence of professional field information, the text data of "three violation" in coal mine is short, and it has close context correlation and inherent ambiguity. Pinyin and glyph vectors are introduced to enhance the expression of “three violation” text data in coal mine. GCN is used in the text classification of "three violation" in coal mine, and a text co-occurrence graph is constructed to capture the structural information and dependency relationships in the text. The Chinese pre-training model and graph convolutional neural network are combined for feature learning, and character-level and word-level are fused, and the weights of the two are set to achieve accurate classification of the text data of "three violation" in coal mine. The results show that the accuracy of the cBert-GCN model on the training samples is higher than that of other models, reaching 97.03%, and on the test samples it reaches 93.17%, with good generalization ability. Therefore, the cBert-GCN model has obvious application advantages in the text data of "three violation" in coal mine.

The Xinjie-Taigemiao Coal mine area, situated on the northeastern margin of the Mu Us sandy land, is affected by both climatic variations and human interventions. This region contends with water scarcity, and its ecological carrying capacity is approaching its saturation point. Notably, a considerable volume of coal mine drainage remains challenging to harness effectively. This study underscores the imperative of equitable water resource distribution in semi-arid regions where blue and green spaces coexist. It incorporates an understanding of the area's geological historical evolution, present natural geographical conditions, and potential subsidence due to mining operations. A foundational framework for delineating regional blue and green spaces is proposed. Employing comprehensive research techniques such as remote sensing image analysis and yearbook statistical data, this paper offers a systematic assessment of the components and characteristics of blue and green spaces within the regional sandy land-lake-grassland landscape. Special attention is directed towards the volume and quality metrics of mine water and its prospective comprehensive utilization. The study suggests strategies to ensure a balance between blue and green space supply and demand, bolster ecosystem resilience, and offers recommendations for refining spatial patterns. The overarching goal is to facilitate the conservation and judicious use of natural resources, enhance urban and rural habitats, and fortify regional ecological consistency. In doing so, we aim to pioneer a novel paradigm for ecological holistic management and resource utilization in semi-arid coal mining zones, fostering a harmonious relationship between mining and land development.

With the transformation of the mineral processing industry towards intelligence and efficiency, fuzzy control technology, by virtue of its superior handling capability of nonlinear, multivariable, and uncertain systems, has emerged as a core research direction for technological upgrading in this domain. This paper systematically reviews the application advancements of fuzzy control technology in the mineral processing industry, with a key analysis of its practical effects in crucial processes such as grinding and classification, flotation, and heavy medium separation. Research indicates that multivariable fuzzy control systems effectively alleviate the coupling problem among variables through methods like decoupling modeling, "double input single output" design, and fuzzy neural networks; the combination with neural networks (such as fuzzy "feedforward-feedback" strategies and fuzzy neural network controllers) significantly enhances control accuracy and robustness; composite control technologies (such as fuzzy PID and PLC integration) optimize the adaptability of the system and address the bottlenecks of traditional industrial control, such as solidified parameters and strong lag. Furthermore, the application of intelligent algorithms (such as weighted WM algorithms and the combination of case-based reasoning and RBF networks) in fuzzy rule extraction, as well as the improvement of system stability through techniques like variable universe control, sliding window, and APSO algorithms, further promote the engineering applicability of fuzzy control. In the future, fuzzy control systems will be coordinated with the entire process of mineral processing, including flotation, gravity separation, and magnetic separation, offering broader application prospects for the intelligent and green development of the mineral processing industry and facilitating the improvement of production efficiency and the reduction of energy consumption.

In order to improve the safety and reliability of artificial freezing method in coal mine shaft construction, this study compares the mechanical properties of welded freezing pipe with outer liner and inner liner under the same specifications and low temperature conditions, and determines the influence of its bearing capacity and deformation characteristics on engineering selection. In the experiment, a total of 18 freezing pipes in 6 groups were selected to systematically test their axial bearing capacity and deflection deformation characteristics in a simulated low-temperature environment. The results show that the average bearing capacity of 9 freezing pipes in the outer lining structure is significantly lower than that of 9 freezing pipes in the inner lining structure, but the deflection value is higher, indicating that the inner lining structure has better compressive performance and the outer lining structure has stronger deformation adaptability under load. This discovery reveals the direct effect of welded structure on the mechanical properties of freezing pipe and provides an important reference for engineering practice. Compared with the traditional deflection test method, the curvature test method has better detection accuracy and reliability, so it is used to evaluate the safety of freezing pipes with two different welding methods. The test results show that the freezing pipes of the two welding methods meet the requirements of safety specifications.

The "filter cake sandwich" phenomenon is a typical problem encountered in the dewatering process of coal slurry using frame filter presses in coal preparation plants. By employing a self-designed frame filter press testing machine and numerical simulation techniques, this study investigates the optimal feeding conditions under current equipment settings, including the formation process of the filter cake, filtrate concentration, dewatering rate, particle size distribution of the filter cake, and moisture distribution; the migration patterns of the solid and liquid phases within the filter chamber; and the influence of filter chamber thickness on the internal moisture distribution of the filter cake. The study also explores the growth behavior of the filter cake and the underlying causes of the "sandwich" phenomenon.Experimental results indicate the existence of a critical feeding pressure and an optimal feeding concentration. Under these optimal conditions, the filtration time is 8 minutes, with an average moisture content of the filter cake at 23.44%. The filter cake formation process is divided into three stages: base accumulation, structural formation, and internal filling. During the frame filtration process, the "sandwich" phenomenon in the filter cake primarily occurs in the upper-central region of the filter cake, which is the last region to form and the most challenging for filtrate discharge. The particle size distribution of the filter cake is uneven, with coarse particles mainly concentrated at the bottom and central layers, while fine particles are predominantly located in the upper-middle and surface layers. This uneven distribution further impedes the discharge of filtrate from the central layer, which is a critical factor contributing to the "sandwich" phenomenon.Numerical simulation results demonstrate that under optimal conditions, both the solid and liquid phases migrate smoothly, allowing for the complete discharge of filtrate from the central region, thereby effectively preventing the "sandwich" phenomenon. However, when the filter chamber thickness increases to 38 mm, the "sandwich" phenomenon begins to manifest and progressively shifts from the feed layer toward the center. As the thickness of the filter chamber increases, the liquid phase volume fraction in the central region increases, leading to significant moisture retention.

In order to promote energy-saving and emission reduction of explosion-proof vehicles in coal mines, it is necessary to develop oil electric dual power parallel drive technology based on the advantages of easy starting and good continuous working performance of diesel engines, and no exhaust pollution and low noise of electric motors. The diesel engine and electric motor should be designed in a time-sharing working mode. The author elaborated on the key technologies of explosion-proof diesel engine drive and DC overhead electric parallel drive, including on-board current collection device, design of high-voltage DC electric drive system, matching of explosion-proof diesel engine with hydraulic mechanical transmission system, matching of explosion-proof electric motor with power shift gearbox and drive axle, as well as the key technologies of explosion-proof diesel engine drive and AC cable electric parallel drive, including on-board integrated automatic cable winding device, design of high-voltage AC electric drive system, matching of explosion-proof diesel engine with hydraulic pump and motor, matching of explosion-proof electric motor with hydraulic pump and motor. Experiments have shown that the energy consumption ratio of parallel driving of explosion-proof diesel engines and DC overhead electric transport vehicles is about 6:1, and the latter can reduce the number of auxiliary transport equipment and operators by one-third; The parallel drive of explosion-proof diesel engine and AC cable electric single arm anchor drilling vehicle can reduce energy consumption by about 20%, and the latter reduces exhaust emissions by one-third, and reduces equipment operation vibration and noise by 50%.

In response to the technical problems of traditional integral active drill pipes, such as complex assembly and disassembly, low replacement efficiency, the need for overall replacement due to wear, and high replacement costs, a detachable active drill pipe was developed. By in - depth analysis of the basic requirements of the detachable active drill pipe, a technical solution for the split - type structural design was proposed, and a method for determining the optimal filling amount of thread locking agent was provided. Through simulation and numerical simulation of the failure parameters of the thread locking agent, the influence relationship among the applied torque, the maximum contact pressure, and the maximum contact torque was ascertained, and the applied torque value for the failure of the thread locking agent was obtained, which provided data reference for reducing the number of experimental tests and experimental costs. Finally, experimental tests, actual drilling experiments, and underground tests of the detachable active drill pipe were carried out. The results of the underground tests showed that the active drill pipe was continuous and stable during the drilling process, and there were no unsafe phenomena such as thread loosening, jamming, deformation, and fracture. It also met the requirements of applicability, safety, strength, and stability for underground applications. The worn parts could be replaced individually without the need for overall replacement. Moreover, the assembly and disassembly were convenient, and the replacement was efficient, which could effectively reduce the replacement cost and time. The research results will be used to build demonstration sites and be popularized and applied in coal enterprises such as Huainan, Pingmei, Zhengmei, Shendong, Jinmei, Fenxi, and Zhongmei, providing stronger technical support for cost - reduction and efficiency - improvement in underground coal mine drilling projects.