Taking the Pingdingshan mining area, a typical deep mining region, as the engineering background, the gas occurrence characteristics controlled by geological structures were elucidated. Based on the distribution features of coal and gas outburst incidents and the evolutionary causes of compound dynamic disasters, it was revealed that in-situ stress, geological structures, and coal seam thickness variation zones are the key factors in monitoring and early warning for compound dynamic disasters. Consequently, a monitoring and early warning system for such disasters, based on the spectral acoustic method, was introduced and applied to the driving faces of the Ji15-15080 machine roadway and return airway at the No. 8 Mine of Pingdingshan Tianan Coal Industry Co., Ltd. Test results indicate that: outburst risk indices exhibited abnormal variations and exceeded critical thresholds within a certain distance ahead of fault exposure, with exceedance locations distributed in coal thickness variation zones and dip angle change areas; The indexes of gas emission and sudden coal extrusion exceed the critical values in the fault-affected area and the change zone of coal thickness, indicating that this area is in danger of dynamic disasters. The monitoring and early warning outcomes are consistent with field conditions. The system provides a novel technical approach for early warning of compound dynamic disasters in deep mining.