无人机激光雷达矿山开采沉陷监测研究

doi:10.11799/ce202308024

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为了快速、准确、全面监测煤矿高强度大规模开采引起的地表沉陷, 以鄂尔多斯王家塔煤矿为例, 采用无人机激光雷达(UAV-LiDAR) 测量技术对该矿高强度开采地表沉陷进行监测,给出了数据获取及处理的关键技术及方法; 通过对实测点云进行克里金插值得到地面点并建立地表DEM, 多期DEM差分处理得到地表下沉盆地, 联合中值滤波和双边滤波对下沉盆地进行去噪处理,最终得到高精度的下沉值。结果表明: 该技术实测地表DEM精度为15mm, 求出地表沉陷盆地模型中误差为36mm; 可以快速获得丰富的地表数据, 得到高精度的地表沉陷盆地信息。

关键词: 矿区生态监测, 地表沉陷, 无人机测量, 激光雷达, DEM, 滤波

Abstract:

The surface subsidence in western mining area is characterized by fast deformation speed, deep damage degree and wide spread, and the conventional observation stations cannot adapt to the monitoring task of surface damage in high-intensity mining. How to quickly, accurately and comprehensively monitor the surface subsidence and environmental damage caused by high-intensity large-scale mining is a key problem facing mining enterprises. Taking a mine in Ordos as an example, Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV-LiDAR) measurement technology is used to monitor the surface subsidence of high-intensity mining in this mine, and the key technical process of UAV-LiDAR monitoring is given. Ground points were obtained by Kriging interpolation on the measured point clouds and surface DEM was established. The surface subsidence basin was obtained by multi-stage DEM differential processing. The combined median filter and bilateral filter were used to de-noise the subsidence basin, and finally the high-precision subsidence value was obtained. The accuracy of surface DEM measured by UAV-LIDAR is 15mm, and the error of surface subsidence basin model is 39mm. UAV-LiDAR technology can quickly obtain rich surface data and obtain high-precision surface subsidence basin information. Therefore, the application of this method in mining subsidence monitoring is feasible, and provides support for mining ecological environment monitoring, land reclamation and ecological restoration. The research results can provide effective means for monitoring surface damage in western coal mining.

中图分类号:

TD327

尹宏昌, 田丰, 马海博, 薛博. 无人机激光雷达矿山开采沉陷监测研究[J]. 煤炭工程, 2023, 55(8): 130-136.

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