煤炭工程 ›› 2026, Vol. 58 ›› Issue (8): 175-184.doi: 10.11799/ce202608022

• 研究探讨 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于地质保障系统的煤矿隐蔽致灾因素透明化管理

杨 辉   

  1. 1. 中煤科工西安研究院(集团)有限公司,陕西 西安 710077

    2. 西安煤科透明地质科技有限公司,陕西 西咸 712000

    3. 煤炭无人化开采数智技术全国重点实验室,北京 100013

  • 收稿日期:2025-12-08 修回日期:2026-02-27 出版日期:2026-08-15 发布日期:2026-08-31
  • 通讯作者: 晏俊生 E-mail:1210267993@qq.com

Transparent management of hidden hazard factors in coal mines based on a geological guarantee system#br# #br#

  • Received:2025-12-08 Revised:2026-02-27 Online:2026-08-15 Published:2026-08-31

摘要:

隐蔽致灾因素是制约煤矿安全高效开采的核心瓶颈,其动态识别、透明表达与过程管理是当前普查工作的关键任务。本文以宁夏回族自治区固原市王洼二矿为研究区,构建了基于智能地质保障技术的隐蔽致灾因素透明化管理体系。通过融合地质勘探资料、采掘工程数据及多源灾害监测信息,建立了水害、瓦斯和矿压等多属性地质模型,并实现了隐蔽致灾结构的空间解译与动态更新。在此基础上,集成风险动态评价、灾害预测预报和空间分析等关键技术,研发了涵盖水害防治、冲击地压防治和瓦斯防治等方向的透明地质保障系统,并构建了地质异常智能识别和灾害风险动态评估等功能模块。结果表明,该系统利用透明地质模型承载隐蔽致灾因素信息,可显著增强致灾因素的可视化、可追踪与可预警能力,能够为研究区煤矿隐蔽致灾因素普查与安全决策提供有效支撑。

关键词: 隐蔽致灾因素, 煤矿安全开采, 多属性地质模型, 透明地质保障系统, 灾害预测预报

Abstract:

Hidden hazardous factors constitute the core bottleneck constraining safe and efficient coal mining operations. Their dynamic identification, transparent representation, and process management represent the key tasks in current surveys of concealed hazards. Taking Ningxia's Wangwa No. 2 Mine as the study area, a transparent management system for concealed hazard factors based on intelligent geological assurance technology was established. By integrating geological exploration data, mining engineering information, and multi-source hazard monitoring data, multi-attribute geological models for water hazards, gas, and rock pressure were developed. Spatial interpretation and dynamic updating of concealed hazard structures were conducted. Building upon this foundation, key technologies including dynamic risk assessment, hazard prediction and forecasting, and spatial analysis were integrated to develop a transparent geological assurance system covering water hazard management, rockburst prevention, and gas hazard control. Functional modules such as intelligent identification of geological anomalies and dynamic assessment of hazard risks were established. Results demonstrate that by embedding concealed hazard factor information within the transparent geological model, the system significantly enhances the visualization, traceability, and early warning capabilities of hazard factors. It provides effective support for the comprehensive survey of concealed hazard factors and safety decision-making at Wangwa No. 2 Mine.

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