Active carbon raw coal produced in domestic traditional areas is nearly exhausted, and Xinjiang with good resource endowment is bound to become the undertaking base of activated carbon industry. The optimization research of the preparation process of producing typical coal species in Xinjiang can lay a good foundation for the development of activated carbon industry in Xinjiang. In this paper, Hami weakly caking coal and Zhundong non-caking coal are selected as raw materials, and the low-speed carbonization and physical activation process are used to prepare granular activated carbon and adjust the coal particle size and carbonization activation parameters. The iodine value, methylene value and hardness of activated carbon were tested, and the adsorption and desorption curve of activated carbon was measured with liquid nitrogen as the medium to obtain its surface area and pore structure. Hami weakly caking coal can produce briquetted activated carbon with iodine value of 1135mg/g and hardness of 92.9%. The fineness of coal powder has a great influence on the hardness of activated carbon. The final temperature of carbonization is 650°C, and 140min activation at 950°C is the ideal process condition. Zhundong coal cannot be prepared into briquetted activated carbon because of its lack of caking. Both weakly caking coal and non-caking coal can be prepared into granular activated carbon. The fineness of coal powder has little effect on the hardness of the granular activated carbon made, and coal tar is the key to the formation of extruded activated carbon hardness. Asphalt in coal tar is more likely to form a highly oriented and more regular structure during the carbonization process, which is not conducive to the subsequent activation of pore formation. Under the final temperature of 650℃, the ideal activation time of the activated carbon prepared by the weakly caking coal is 160min, and the non-caking coal needs to be extended to 180min. The iodine value of the produced activated carbon is 945mg/g and 912mg/g, respectively. Under the final temperature of carbonization of 650℃, the ideal activation time of activated carbon prepared by non-caking coal is 160min, and Zhundong coal needs to be extended to 180min. The iodine value of the produced activated carbon is 945mg/g and 912mg/g, respectively. The reactivity of the inertinite in the coal is weak, and the Zhundong coal with more abundant inertinite needs a long activation time to develop the pores.