In addressing the technical challenges associated with loose and weak surrounding rock in the 9# coal seam of the Luling Coal Mine, an analysis of the key factors affecting efficient excavation support and the optimization of critical support procedures was conducted. The objective was to achieve comprehensive control over the floor, roof, and sidewalls of the coal roadway in the context of loose and weak surrounding rock. The adopted approach involved utilizing the FLAC3D numerical simulation software to simulate the excavation support scheme and efficient excavation process in the II946 air roadway of the Luling Coal Mine.The designed measures for controlling the stability of loose and weak coal roadway surrounding rock involved the application of the "grouting anchor rod (anchor cable beam) proactive support + coordinated flexible support" technology. Field experiments demonstrated that the daily excavation dimensions in the II946 air roadway increased from 2.4m to 3.0-3.6m, effectively managing the deformation of loose and weak surrounding rock and consequently enhancing excavation efficiency.