In order to realize the monitoring and evaluation of the ecological environment of Haizhou open-pit mine, the thesis adopts the principal component analysis method to construct a new type of remote sensing eco-index, and on the basis of the four influencing factors of remote sensing eco-index, namely, the greenness, humidity, heat, and dryness, the air quality index of particulate difference index is added in conjunction with the spontaneous combustion condition of the residual coal of Haizhou open-pit mine, which is capable of better reflecting the ecological environment quality change condition of the Haizhou open-pit mine in the recent ten years. Three periods of satellite image data in 2016, 2020 and 2024 were selected to analyze the temporal and spatial changes of single ecological evaluation indicators and overall ecological environmental quality, and employed the Geographical Detector to investigate the driving mechanisms behind the NRSEI variations. The results showed that the overall ecological quality of the Haizhou open-pit mine area during the period from 2016 to 2024 was deviated. However, the proportion of the area with “excellent”, “better” and “medium” ecological environment increased by 6.77%, 14.97% and 9.79% respectively from 2016 to 2024, and the proportion of ‘poor’ and “medium” ecological environment increased by 6.77%, 14.97% and 9.79% respectively. The proportion of “poor” and “worse” areas decreased by 30.22% and 1.32% respectively, and the overall trend of ecological quality change in the project area is favorable. The areas with improved ecological environment benefit from the further construction of the national mine park and the continuous promotion of the ecological environment restoration and management of open-pit mines; the areas with deteriorated ecological environment are mainly in the center of the open-pit mines, which provides the basis for the next planning of the ecological environment management of open-pit mines.