In order to study the relationship between roadway floor heave, wall heave deformation, roof fracture and energy accumulation and dispersion in Tunbao Coal Mine's fully mechanized top coal caving face,Took the WII02040501 fully mechanized caving face of Tunbao Coal Mine as the engineering background, Through theoretical analysis, on-site monitoring and engineering verification, analysis the key roof strata of WII02040501 fully mechanized top coal caving face. Calculated the characteristic laws of energy released from key layers in different layers transferred to the working face, studied the distribution law of microseisms during mining in WII02040501 fully mechanized top coal caving face,developed the practice and effect inspection of roof cutting project. Research shows:existed 6 sub key layers and 1 main key layer on the roof of WII02040501 fully mechanized top coal caving face, Microseismic events are mainly distributed within 100m above the coal seam, and 104J energy level and above are distributed within 50m above the coal seam. Calculated that the elastic energy transferred from the breaking of two sub key layers to the working face is7.80×107Jand3.13×105J, Comprehensively identify the two sub key layers close to the working face as the induced key layers.designed and engineering practice the top cutting blasting scheme of WII02040501 fully mechanized top coal caving face, borehole peeping and periodic weighting step distance analysis show that roof fractures are obviously developed and weighting step distance is effectively reduced,the roadway deformation is effectively controlled,The safe production of the working face is realized.