The stability of the foundation of photovoltaic power station construction in coal mining subsidence area will directly determine the feasibility of its construction and long-term operation. This paper studies the construction of photovoltaic power station in a coal-mining subsidence area in southwest Shandong Province, divides it into three types of buildings (structures) according to the sensitivity of surface deformation, summarizes the main sources of foundation settlement deformation, determines the depth of influence of the load of photovoltaic power station construction in coal-mining subsidence area, and calculates the cumulative settlement deformation of photovoltaic power station by combining soil mechanics analysis and probability integral method. Based on the existing standard and the nonlinear fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method, the foundation stability analysis is carried out respectively. Finally, the applicable conditions of the two foundation stability analysis methods for the construction of photovoltaic power stations in coal mining subsidence areas are pointed out. The results show that: (1) the selection of the criterion for the depth of load influence should be based on the deformation resistance of the facility structure and the occurrence conditions of the goaf, and the high criterion should be used for the high-rise structures and complex goaf foundations. (2) The settlement amount of photovoltaic power station construction calculated based on soil mechanics analysis method and probability integral method is 164mm and 1456mm, respectively. By comparison, it can be seen that the foundation settlement of the project is mainly the surface residual deformation of the goaf. (3) At present, the evaluation methods of foundation stability can be divided into the current standard evaluation and nonlinear fuzzy comprehensive evaluation. Both methods are suitable for planar objects, but the nonlinear fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method is more suitable for point objects such as high-voltage transmission lines. (4) The result of nonlinear fuzzy comprehensive evaluation of foundation stability in this engineering example is more consistent with the field practice, which proves the feasibility and effectiveness of nonlinear fuzzy comprehensive evaluation in the application of "photovoltaic + coal mining subsidence area" model of foundation stability evaluation.