Abstract: In order to solve the problem of large-scale sinking of the roof after the tunneling of the 4301 working face of Huaye Coal Mine, the deformation characteristics of the roadway instability were studied by field investigation, theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. The surrounding under different support schemes were analyzed. Rock yield strength, vertical stress and vertical displacement of the roof. The results show that the shed-type supporting structure has effective surrounding rock bearing capacity for the roof, and the "11# I-beam + single hydraulic prop" steel with the spacing of 2m is determined based on the high-strength prestressed anchor support. Shed active support scheme. The engineering test confirmed that the scheme has a good effect, effectively controlled the surrounding rock deformation, solved the problem of roof subsidence, saved production investment and improved the economic benefits of the enterprise.