Abstract: Abstract：In order to solve the problems of slow-speed inspection , bad working environment and high labor intensity of workers of the belt conveyor in the existing severe cold open-pit coal mine, the solutions of rail hanging and rope hanging belt inspection robots suitable for the inspection task of the belt conveyor in the open-pit coal mine are proposed, Combined with the environmental characteristics of the severe cold open-pit coal mine, the installation mode, working principle and power consumption, endurance and other indicators, and then determining its scope of application. Since the low temperature environment puts forward strict requirements for the Lithium battery, the core energy storage unit of the robot, this paper tests the discharge performance of the battery at low temperature and studies the preheating and thermal insulation technology of the battery pack. The test results show that the battery capacity and discharge voltage in the preheating state are significantly improved, among which the discharge capacity at - 20 ℃ is increased by 33.4%, It is of great significance to ensure the stable operation of inspection robot under severe cold conditions. Key Words：open pit, inspection robot, severe cold, Lithium battery