Abstract: In order to obtain the main controlling factors affecting the stability of the surrounding rock structure of the gob-side roadway in the thick coal seam，taking the project overview of the 1014 working face of Yushuquan Coal Mine as the background，the discrete element program UDEC was used to simulate and analyze the roadway burial depth，gob-side coal pillar width and lateral direction. The rock beam cantilever length，the basic top breaking depth，and the degree of coal integrity affect the structural stability of the surrounding rock in the gob-side roadway in thick coal seams. The results show that the depth of the roadway，the width of gob pillar，the length of the lateral rock beam cantilever，the fracture depth of the main roof，and the integrity of the coal body all have a certain impact on the stability of gob-side roadway，the degree of influence from large to small：the integrity of the coal body>the depth of the roadway>the width of gob pillar>the length of the lateral rock beam cantilever>the fracture depth of the main roof．