Abstract: Mining imbalance is a big problem that restricts the efficient mining of coal mines. The rapid excavation ability evaluation of mining roadway can reflect its driving level clearly and intuitively, which is the key to ensure the mining balance. Based on this paper, taking four mines (A, B, C, D) as the research object, through reading the relevant literature and combining with the actual situation of the site, the evaluation index system of rapid excavation ability of mining roadway is constructed from four aspects of "people, mechanical equipment, geological environment, management". Based on the combination weighting method, an evaluation model was established to evaluate the rapid driving ability of four mining roadways. The evaluation results show that: the rapid excavation capacity of mining roadway3202in a mine and mining roadway 2301 in D mine basically meets the needs of excavation replacement, while the driving capacity of mining roadway10905 in B mine and mining roadway11602 in C mine needs to be further improved. According to the evaluation results, the key factor that restricts the rapid excavation of coal mining roadway is "geological environment". The research results can lay a solid foundation for the improvement of mining roadway driving level.