极近距煤层下位煤层巷道围岩控制原理及应用

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为了解决极近距煤层巷道支护技术难题，分析巷道围岩特征及变形规律，总结已有支护形式，提出围岩控制原理。概括为：① 利用高强度锚杆施加的高预应力，把巷道开挖初期形成的叠合梁顶板转变成组合梁顶板，显著降低煤岩层顶板的绕度和应力，提高顶板浅部煤岩层的强度，增强其承载能力；② 采用短锚索提供高预紧力，串联顶板深浅部煤岩层，增大组合梁的厚度和强度，再降低煤岩层顶板的绕度和应力，提高顶板整体结构的稳定性；③ 选用高强度锚杆加强两帮支护，控制煤帮变形和破坏，确保巷道整体稳定。据此提出水峪矿5116面运输巷支护设计，井下应用表明，顶板最大下沉120mm，两帮最大移近240mm，顶板深浅部离层近乎0，巷道围岩变形得到显著控制，为类似煤层巷道支护提供了有效的技术途径。

关键词: 极近距煤层, 围岩控制, 锚杆支护, 高预应力, 短锚索

Abstract: For solving technique puzzle of roadway support on ultra-close multi-seam, analysing the feature of roadways surrounding rock and deformation law, summing its existing support form, and advancing surrounding rocks control theory. Generalized: using high-intensity bolting adding high prestress, composite beams roof formed during initial stage of driving were turned into built-up beams roof, deflection and stress of coal and rock seams in roof were degraded prominently, intensity of coal and rock seams in roof light parts was increased, and its load-bearing capacity was enhanced; Adopting short anchor cables offering high pretensioned stress, cascading deep and shallow enclosing rocks in roof, enlarging thicknesses and intensities of built-up beams, degrading deflection and stress of coal and rock roof again, enhancing the stability of roof whole structure; enforcing both bands support through using high intensity bolting, controlling deformation and failure of coal bands, and guaranteeing whole stability of roadway. Advanced support design of 5116 working face haul road, it was showed in underground that the max subsidences of roof were 120mm, the max movements of both bands were 240mm, absciss layers of roof were 0 nearly, distortions of enclosing rocks were controlled apparently, and it offered valid technique approach for roadways with analogous coal seam condition.

Key words: ultra-close multiple seam, surrounding rock control, bolting, high pretensioned stress, short anchor cable

张剑. 极近距煤层下位煤层巷道围岩控制原理及应用[J]. 煤炭工程, 2013, 45(8): 27-30.

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