In order to solve the problem of controlling the surrounding rock of the large height roadway in the face of mining and digging, taking the 3924 return roadway of Zhaiyadi coal mine as the research object, numerical simulation was used to determine the scope of the 3924 return roadway in the face of mining section with a mining spacing of 40~-60 m, and analyze the plastic zone of the surrounding rock of the roadway in different phases and the distribution of the maximum shear strain law, which showed that the scope of the plastic zone is more consistent with the range of the distribution of the maximum shear strain, and the shoulder of the roadway, The shoulder and bottom corners of the roadway are the first to undergo shear damage, and then, under the influence of mining superposition, the X-shaped shear slip zone is formed in the coal pillar gangs of the roadway in the headquarter section, which divides the coal body of the roadway gangs into unstable triangular blocks, and the unstable triangular blocks slip out of the roadway gangs under the influences of the dynamic pressure and the self-weight, resulting in the occurrence of gangs, and the dynamic pressure is the direct cause of the activation of the coal pillar side to produce the shear slip surface. Based on the mechanical model of shear slip of coal body in gangway, the expression of safety coefficient of coal body in gangway is deduced, and the relevant parameters of 3924 return air lane are brought in, focusing on analyzing the factors affecting the stability of the roadway, and the results show that: the height of the roadway is negatively correlated with the stability of the roadway, and the strength of the coal body and the supporting force are positively correlated with the stability of the roadway. Combined with numerical simulation and theoretical analysis results, the perimeter rock support parameters for the headway section were designed, and finally the field industrial test was successfully carried out, and the field monitoring results showed that the deformation of the perimeter rock at the top of the headway section was small, and the overall control effect of the headway was good.