In response to the frequent occurrence of rock burst in the hard roof working face under high stress conditions in the deep mining area of Ordos, a case of rock burst in the deep high-stress mine of Hulusu Coal Mine in Inner Mongolia was selected. The mechanism of rock burst induced by the hard roof under the conditions of deep mining and high stress in Hulusu Coal Mine was analyzed. In order to explore new methods for dealing with the hard roof, the abrasive jet axial cutting technology for the hard roof was introduced. Industrial tests were carried out to determine the key technical parameters of abrasive jet axial cutting and fracturing, and engineering practices for preventing rock burst under the conditions of hard roof were carried out. The implementation process and the effect during the mining process were inspected by using borehole inspection and microseismic monitoring methods. The research results show that the high stress in the wide coal pillar, the large amount of elastic energy accumulated in the lateral suspended roof, the advanced support pressure of the mining face, and the abnormal stress in the mining space area are the main factors inducing rock burst. The process parameters of abrasive jet axial cutting were determined through the test: cutting pressure of 45-50 MPa, cutting time of no less than 10 minutes, fracturing pressure of 35-40 MPa, and fracturing time of 30 minutes. Compared with blasting pressure relief, after the abrasive jet axial cutting of the hard roof, the activity of the surrounding rock in the mining face during the mining period is reduced, the release of elastic energy is stable, and the large deformation of the surrounding rock in the adjacent tunneling face is mitigated, which is beneficial to the maintenance of the tunneling face during the tunneling period.