Abstract: Large-scale underground mining will lead to rock cover movement, deformation and even destruction, and in the surface to form a large-scale subsidence area, the formation of bad foundation, in the subsidence area to build construction (structure) structure will have a greater security risk, master the construction (structure) structure and surface movement deformation related laws is the premise to ensure building safety. In this paper, the subsidence area buildings as the research object, respectively, using 3D printing technology to simulate the structure of buildings, sandstone materials to simulate the structure of rock and earth, the construction of buildings and rock and rocks coupling physics simulation experiments, the study of coal seam mining caused by the ground movement deformation of the top of the building on the top, the top of the first floor and other parts of the response. The results show that 3D printing technology can better realize the building simulation matching geometric similarity and the mechanic strength, and the factors influencing the force of the 3D printing building simulation material mechanics: the filling rate> material properties> the printing angle > the printing thickness, and the corresponding relationship between the building and the surface movement deformation is constructed. The research results will help to grasp the mechanism of mining settlement-causing construction (structure) structure and the relevant laws of building damage and surface subsidence, which is of great significance for liberating the "three-down" pressure coal and ensuring the safety of the ground construction (structure) structure in mining areas.